芦苇、菖蒲和水葱对水体中Zn²⁺的富集效应研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

任珺  付朝文  陶玲  杨倩 《湿地科学》2011,9(4):322-327

采用水培方法,在不同ZnCl2浓度(0mg/L、50mg/L、100mg/L、300mg/L、800mg/L、1500mg/L和2500mg/L)处理的水体中,对湿地植物芦苇(Phragmites australis)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus)和水葱(Scirpus tabernaemontani)进行培养,研究植物的不同部位对Zn2+的积累能力。结果表明,在相同ZnCl2浓度处理下的水体中,水葱、菖蒲和芦苇体内的平均Zn2+积累浓度存在差异,菖蒲体内的Zn2+积累浓度最高。在不同ZnCl2浓度处理下的水体中,水葱体内的平均Zn2+积累浓度在ZnCl2浓度为1500mg/L时最高,为31050.84mg/kg(植物地上部分为10206.67mg/kg,地下部分为20844.17mg/kg);菖蒲和芦苇体内的平均Zn2+积累浓度则在ZnCl2浓度为2500mg/L时最高,分别为54130.67mg/kg(地上部分为16774.00mg/kg,地下部分为37356.67mg/kg)和25423.34mg/kg(地上部分为4506.67mg/kg,地下部分为20916.67mg/kg)。这3种植物都可以作为利用植物修复重金属污染水体的遴选物种。其中,菖蒲对Zn2+的吸收能力明显高于水葱和芦苇。  相似文献   

模拟湿地生境升温条件下湿地底泥——水体磷元素循环特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王行  张志剑  李津津  徐心 《湿地科学》2011,9(4):345-354

气候变暖对全球生态系统产生了广泛的影响,这其中包括与水质安全和水质演变密切有关的湿地磷元素生物地球化学循环.以长三角南区6块磷库与碳库具有显著差异的湿地为研究对象,通过基于微宇宙原理的湿地生境研究平台模拟升温环境,以现实环境温度为对照组,以(5±1)℃的温度为升温组,探讨升温条件下的湿地磷元素生物地球化学循环特征.结果...  相似文献   

三江平原区域生态旅游规划研究     

王圣保  姜国华 《湿地科学》2011,9(4):367-372

三江平原是中国著名的低平原沼泽分布区、农业生态示范区和国家重要的商品粮生产基地,拥有丰富的旅游资源.对三江平原区域旅游资源保护性开发,具有非常重要的社会意义、经济意义和生态意义.三江平原旅游资源主要分为自然景观、历史文化景观和现代农业观光景观.三江平原区域旅游应充分挖掘该区湿地资源,推广湿地旅游品牌,整合旅游资源,规划...  相似文献   

人工湿地的构建与应用   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

张清 《湿地科学》2011,9(4):373-379

论述了人工湿地污水处理技术的机制和优势,阐述了人工湿地的构建和污水处理研究进展,表明人工湿地的污水处理效率与污染物的种类和污染程度、人工湿地的类型、湿地植物种类、基质类型、水力停留时间和水力负荷等密切相关.在中国,典型人工湿地有3种类型,分别为垂直流人工湿地、潜流式人工湿地和表面流人工湿地,主要用于处理来自化粪池、养殖...  相似文献   

青海省三江源地区湿地生态系统健康评价   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

贾慧聪  曹春香  马广仁  鲍达明  武晓波  徐敏  赵坚  田蓉 《湿地科学》2011,9(3):209-217

湿地生态系统健康评价是湿地保护的基础,对提高湿地生态环境管理水平具有重要的指导作用.以青海省三江源地区为研究区,采用Landsat ETM+遥感影像为主要数据源,提取湿地信息.基于压力—状态—响应(PSR)模型,构建三江源地区湿地健康的综合评价指标体系;运用层次分析法和地理信息系统空间分析技术,对三江源地区的湿地健康状...  相似文献   

西溪湿地外来植物及其风险管理   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

缪丽华  陈博君  季梦成  何云核 《湿地科学与管理》2011,7(2):49-54

采用经典分类及群落学研究方法,通过实地调查和资料分析,对西溪湿地外来植物,特别是外来入侵植物的种类、生境、危害程度等进行了研究。结果表明:西溪湿地现有外来种子植物97科234属328种,其中被子植物91科220属311种。菊科、禾本科和蔷薇科等14科所含属种是该地外来植物的主要组成部分,菊科、禾本科占绝对优势;菊科外来植物在外来种中所占比例大,且危害较重。景观改造、湿地植物园引种是西溪湿地外来植物种类大量增加的主要原因。西溪湿地现有外来入侵植物共27科55属71种,原产地为美洲的48种,占总种数的67.61%;原产地为欧洲的9种,占12.68%。外来入侵植物以一年生或二年生草本居多,有52种,占总种数的73.24%,落叶灌木仅1种(占1.41%)。提出西溪湿地外来植物的编目、监测和数字化管理的建议,并建议将美丽飞蓬、南美天胡荽、再力花和黄菖蒲等4种外来植物列入中国外来入侵植物名录。  相似文献   

Impact of climate change on wetland ecosystems: A critical review of experimental wetlands     

Shokoufeh Salimi  Suhad A.A.A.N. Almuktar  Miklas Scholz 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2011

Climate change is identified as a major threat to wetlands. Altered hydrology and rising temperature can change the biogeochemistry and function of a wetland to the degree that some important services might be turned into disservices. This means that they will, for example, no longer provide a water purification service and adversely they may start to decompose and release nutrients to the surface water. Moreover, a higher rate of decomposition than primary production (photosynthesis) may lead to a shift of their function from being a sink of carbon to a source. This review paper assesses the potential response of natural wetlands (peatlands) and constructed wetlands to climate change in terms of gas emission and nutrients release. In addition, the impact of key climatic factors such as temperature and water availability on wetlands has been reviewed. The authors identified the methodological gaps and weaknesses in the literature and then introduced a new framework for conducting a comprehensive mesocosm experiment to address the existing gaps in literature to support future climate change research on wetland ecosystems. In the future, higher temperatures resulting in drought might shift the role of both constructed wetland and peatland from a sink to a source of carbon. However, higher temperatures accompanied by more precipitation can promote photosynthesis to a degree that might exceed the respiration and maintain the carbon sink role of the wetland. There might be a critical water level at which the wetland can preserve most of its services. In order to find that level, a study of the key factors of climate change and their interactions using an appropriate experimental method is necessary. Some contradictory results of past experiments can be associated with different methodologies, designs, time periods, climates, and natural variability. Hence a long-term simulation of climate change for wetlands according to the proposed framework is recommended. This framework provides relatively more accurate and realistic simulations, valid comparative results, comprehensive understanding and supports coordination between researchers. This can help to find a sustainable management strategy for wetlands to be resilient to climate change.  相似文献   

Waves and tides responsible for the intermittent closure of the entrance of a small, sheltered tidal wetland at San Francisco, CA     

Daniel M. Hanes  Kristen WardLi H. Erikson 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(16):1682-1687

Crissy Field Marsh (CFM; http://www.nps.gov/prsf/planyourvisit/crissy-field-marsh-and-beach.htm) is a small, restored tidal wetland located in the entrance to San Francisco Bay just east of the Golden Gate. The marsh is small but otherwise fairly typical of many such restored wetlands worldwide. The marsh is hydraulically connected to the bay and the adjacent Pacific Ocean by a narrow sandy channel. The channel often migrates and sometimes closes completely, which effectively blocks the tidal connection to the ocean and disrupts the hydraulics and ecology of the marsh. Field measurements of waves and tides have been examined in order to evaluate the conditions responsible for the intermittent closure of the marsh entrance. The most important factor found to bring about the entrance channel closure is the occurrence of large ocean waves. However, there were also a few closure events during times with relatively small offshore waves. Examination of the deep-water directional wave spectra during these times indicates the presence of a small secondary peak corresponding to long period swell from the southern hemisphere, indicating that CFM and San Francisco Bay in general may be more susceptible to long period ocean swell emanating from the south or southwest than the more common ocean waves coming from the northwest. The tidal records during closure events show no strong relationship between closures and tides, other than that closures tend to occur during multi-day periods with successively increasing high tides. It can be inferred from these findings that the most important process to the intermittent closure of the entrance to CFM is littoral sediment transport driven by the influence of ocean swell waves breaking along the CFM shoreline at oblique angles. During periods of large, oblique waves the littoral transport of sand likely overwhelms the scour potential of the tidal flow in the entrance channel.  相似文献   

基于遥感图像的湿地生态系统健康评价     

何厚军  刘学工  韩琳  陈亮 《测绘工程》2011,20(5):45-48

黄河三角洲湿地是我国暖温带最完整、最广阔、最年轻的湿地生态系统.文中以遥感数据为基础,基于压力一状态一响应框架构建湿地生态系统健康评价指标体系,并运用熵权模糊物元的方法对研究区东营市河口区和垦利县湿地进行评价.研究表明,1997年、2001年、2006年的生态系统健康评价综合得分分别为0.6388、0.7361和0.8...  相似文献   

基于3S技术的武汉城市湿地景观变迁     

邵军  车风  范魏 《地理空间信息》2011,(6):85-88

采用3S技术,以武汉城区为研究区,采用1991年、2003年Landsat-TM影像及2009年的CBERS02B-CCD影像为数据源,运用多尺度影像分割与目视解译相结合的方法提取3期湿地信息,并分析武汉城区近18年来湿地景观格局动态变迁。结果表明,近18年间城市湿地总面积减少,斑块的数目增加,破碎程度增加,平均斑块形...  相似文献